The power generated by solar energy is used by the DC load of the base station computer room, and the insufficient power is supplemented by energy storage devices.
We evaluate the suitability of solar-wind deployment focusing on three aspects: solar/wind exploitability, accessibility, and interconnectability, as elaborated in Supplementary Table S3.
This study offers a comprehensive roadmap for low-carbon upgrades to China's base station infrastructure by integrating solar power, energy storage, and intelligent operation strategies.